Contents

1. Overview
1.1. Terminology
1.1.1. MUST
1.1.2. MUST NOT
1.1.3. SHOULD
1.1.4. SHOULD NOT
1.1.5. MAY

2. Definitions
2.1. Characters
2.2. Whitespace Character
2.3. Digit
2.4. Hexadecimal Digit

3. Predefined Symbols
3.1. Characters
3.1.1. Control Characters
3.1.2. Symbols
3.2. Character Ranges
3.3. XML
3.4. Misc.

4. Statements

5. Symbols

6. Expressions

7. Characters
7.1. Unicode Characters
7.2. Character Sets
7.3. Character Ranges
7.4. Negated Character Sets

8. Literal Strings
8.1. Escape Codes
8.1.1. Backslash
8.1.2. Unicode Character
8.1.3. Double Quote
8.1.4. Carriage Return
8.1.5. Line Feed
8.1.6. Tab

9. Operators
9.1. Grouping
9.2. Concatenation
9.3. Alternation
9.4. Exclusion
9.5. Negation
9.6. Repetition
9.6.1. n or More Occurrences
9.6.2. n to m Occurrences
9.6.3. One or More Occurrences
9.6.4. Zero or More Occurrences
9.6.5. Optional
9.7. Case Insensitivity

10. Comments

11. Order of Operations

Appendix A. F1TBNF Definition of F1TBNF

Appendix B. References

Appendix C. Legal

1. Overview

A standard format syntax is needed for use in specifications to define requirements in a simple, concise and standard format. ForceOne Technologies Backus-Naur Form (F1TBNF) is modified version of Extended Backus–Naur Form (EBNF). This document describes naming rules, operators, and pre-defined symbols that adds to representational power of EBNF.

1.1. Terminology

The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in ITEF RFC 2119.

1.1.1. MUST

The words "MUST", "REQUIRED", and "SHALL" mean that the definition is an absolute requirement of the specification.

1.1.2. MUST NOT

The phrases "MUST NOT" and "SHALL NOT" mean that the definition is an absolute prohibition of the specification.

1.1.3. SHOULD

The words "SHOULD" and "RECOMMENDED" mean that there may exist valid reasons in particular circumstances to ignore a particular item, but the full implications must be understood and carefully weighed before choosing a different course.

1.1.4. SHOULD NOT

The phrases "SHOULD NOT" and "NOT RECOMMENDED" mean that there may exist valid reasons in particular circumstances when the particular behavior is acceptable or even useful, but the full implications should be understood and the case carefully weighed before implementing any behavior described with this label.

1.1.5. MAY

The words "MAY" and "OPTIONAL" mean that an item is truly optional.

2. Definitions

This document uses the following definitions when describing F1TBNF.

2.1. Characters

A character in the document is specified using the following syntax:

U+nnnn

where nnnn is a hexadecimal integer whose value indicates the character whose number (code point) in [Unicode] equals the hexadecimal integer.

2.2. Whitespace Character

A whitespace character MUST be the character U+0009 (tab), U+000A (line feed), U+000D (carriage return), or U+0020 (space).

2.3. Digit

A digit MUST be a character between U+0030 ("0") and U+0039 ("9") inclusive.

2.4. Hexadecimal Digit

A hexadecimal digit MUST be a character between U+0030 ("0") and U+0039 ("9") inclusive or between U+0041 ("A") and U+0046 ("F") inclusive.

3. Predefined Symbols

3.1. Characters

3.1.1. Control Characters

NUL ::= u0000;
NULL ::= NUL;

SOH ::= u0001;
STARTOFHEADER ::= SOH;

STX ::= u0002;
STARTOFTEXT ::= STX;

ETX ::= u0003;
ENDOFTEXT ::= ETX;

EOT ::= u0004;
ENDOFTRANSMISSION ::= EOT;

ENQ ::= u0005;
ENQQUIRY ::= ENQ;

ACK ::= u0006;
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ::= ACK;

BEL ::= u0007;
BELL ::= BEL;

BS ::= u0008;
BACKSPACE ::= BS;

HT ::= u0009;
HORIZONTALTAB ::= HT;
TAB ::= HT;

LF ::= u000A;
LINEFEED ::= LF;

VT ::= u000B;
VERTICALTAB ::= VT;

FF ::= u000C;
FORMFEED ::= FF;

CR ::= u000D;
CARRIAGERETURN ::= CR;
ENTER ::= CR;

SO ::= u000E;
SHIFTOUT ::= SO;

SI ::= u000F;
SHIFTIN ::= SI;

DLE ::= u0010;
DATALINKESCAPE ::= DLE;

DC1 ::= u0011;
DEVICECONTROL1 ::= DC1;
XON ::= DC1;

DC2 ::= u0012;
DEVICECONTROL2 ::= DC2;

DC3 ::= u0013;
DEVICECONTROL3 ::= DC3;
XOFF ::= DC3;

DC4 ::= u0014;
DEVICECONTROL4 ::= DC4;

NAK ::= u0015;
NEGATIVEACKKNOWLEDGEMENT ::= NAK;

SYN ::= u0016;
SYNCHRONOUSIDLE ::= SYN;

ETB ::= u0017;
ENDOFTRANSMISSIONBLOCK ::= ETB;

CAN ::= u0018;
CANCEL ::= CAN;

EM ::= u0019;
ENDOFMEDIUM ::= EM;

SUB ::= u001A;
SUBSTITUTE ::= SUB;

ESC ::= u001B;
ESCAPE ::= ESC;

FS ::= u001C;
FILESEPERATOR ::= FS;

GS ::= u001D;
GROUPSEPERATOR ::= GS;

RS ::= u001E;
RECORDSEPERATOR ::= RS;

US ::= u001F;
UNITSEPERATOR ::= US;

3.1.2. Symbols

SPACE ::= u0020;

EXCLAMATION ::= u0021;
EXCLAMATIONPOINT ::= EXCLAMATION;
EXCLAMATIONMARK ::= EXCLAMATION;
BANG ::= EXCLAMATION;

DOUBLEQUOTE ::= u0022;
DOUBLEQUOTES ::= DOUBLEQUOTE;
QUOTES ::= DOUBLEQUOTE;
QUOTATIONMARK ::= DOUBLEQUOTE;

NUMBERSIGN ::= u0023;

DOLLARSIGN ::= u0024;
DOLLAR ::= DOLLARSIGN;

PERCENT ::= u0025;

AMPERSAND ::= u0026;

SINGLEQUOTE ::= u0027;
APOSTROPHE ::= SINGLEQUOTE;

LEFTPARENTHESIS ::= u0028;
LEFTPAREN ::= LEFTPARENTHESIS;
OPENPARENTHESIS ::= LEFTPARENTHESIS;
OPENPAREN ::= LEFTPARENTHESIS;

RIGHTPARENTHESIS ::= u0029;
RIGHTPAREN ::= RIGHTPARENTHESIS;
OPENPARENTHESIS ::= RIGHTPARENTHESIS;
OPENPAREN ::= RIGHTPARENTHESIS;

ASTERISK ::= u002A;
STAR ::= ASTERISK;

PLUS ::= u002B;

COMMA ::= u002C;

HYPHEN ::= u002D;
DASH ::= HYPHEN;

PERIOD ::= u002E;

FORWARDSLASH ::= u002F;

COLON ::= u003A;

SEMICOLON ::= u003B;

LEFTANGLEBRACKET ::= u003C;
LESSTHAN ::= LEFTANGLEBRACKET;

EQUAL ::= u003D;

RIGHTANGLEBRACKET ::= u003E;
GREATERTHAN ::= RIGHTANGLEBRACKET;

QUESTION ::= u003F;
QUESTIONMARK ::= QUESTION;

ATSIGN ::= u0040;

LEFTSQUAREBRACKET ::= u005B;
LEFTSQUAREBRACE ::= LEFTSQUAREBRACKET;

BACKSLASH ::= u003C;

RIGHTSQUAREBRACKET ::= u005D;
RIGHTSQUAREBRACE ::= RIGHTSQUAREBRACKET;

CAROT ::= u005E;
CIRCUMFLECACCENT ::= CAROT;

UNDERSCORE ::= u005F;

ACCENT ::= u0060;
GRAVEACCENT ::= ACCENT;

LEFTCURLYBRACKET ::= u007B;
LEFTCURLYBRACE ::= LEFTCURLYBRACKET;

VERTICALLINE ::= u007C;
PIPE ::= VERTICALLIGHT;

RIGHTCURLYBRACKET ::= u007D;
RIGHTCURLYBRACE ::= RIGHTCURLYBRACKET;

TILDE ::= u007E;

DEL ::= u007F;

3.2. Character Ranges

DIGIT ::= [0-9];
HEXDIGIT ::= DIGIT | [a-fA-F];
LOWERALPHA ::= [a-z];
UPPERALPHA ::= [A-Z];
ALPHA ::= LOWERALPHA | UPPERALPHA;
ALPHANUMERIC ::= ALPHA | DIGIT;
WSP ::= TAB | SPACE;
LWSP ::= WSP | CR | LF;
CONTROL ::= [\u0000-u001F];
SYMBOL ::= [\u0021-u002F] | [\u003A-u0040] | [\u005B-u0060] | [\u007B-u007E];
ASCII ::= CONTROL | SYMBOL | ALPHANUMERIC | [\u007F-u00FF];
TEXT ::= LWSP | [\u0021-u007E];
ANY ::= [\u0000-uFFFF];

3.3. XML

NAMESTARTCHAR ::= ALPHA | COLON | UNDERSCORE | [\u00C0-u00D6] | [\u00D8-u00F6] | [\u00F8-u02FF] | [\u0370-u037D] | [\u037F-u1FFF] |
[\u200C-u200D] | [\u2070-u218F] | [\u2C00-u2FEF] | [\u2001-uD7FF] | [\uF900-uFDCF] | [\uFDF0-uFFFD] |
[\u10000-uEFFFF];
NAMECHAR ::= NAMESTARTCHAR | HYPHEN | PERIOD | DIGIT | u00B7 | [\u0300-u036F] | [\u203F-u2040];
NAME ::= NAMESTARTCHAR NAMECHAR*;
NAMES ::= NAME (SPACE NAME)*;
NMTOKEN ::= NAMECHAR+;
NMTOKENS ::= NMTOKEN (SPACE NMTOKEN)*;

XMLENTITY ::= AMPERSAND (NAME | NUMBERSIGN (DIGIT+ | "x" HEXDIGIT+)) SEMICOLON;
XMLCHAR ::= ANY - (LEFTANGLEBRACKET | RIGHTANGLEBRACKET | AMPERSAND) | XMLENTITY;
XMLATTRIBUTECHAR ::= ANY - (LEFTANGLEBRACKET | AMPERSAND | DOUBLEQUOTE) | XMLENTITY;

3.4. Misc.

CRLF ::= CR LF;

4. Statements

Statements are the building blocks of the grammar. Each statement in the grammar defines one symbol.

Syntax:

Assignment ::= COLON COLON EQUAL;
AssignmentStatement ::= Symbol LWSP* Assignment LWSP* Expression;

StatementTerminator ::= SEMICOLON;
Statement ::= AssignmentStatement LWSP* StatementTerminator | Comment | LWSP;
Statements ::= Statement+;

Example:

symbol ::= expression;

5. Symbols

A symbol represents an expression that may be used in subsequent expressions in its stead.

Syntax:

Symbol ::= ALPHA (ALPHANUMERIC | UNDERSCORE)*;

6. Expressions

An expression is a fragment of grammar that can be matched to a single value. Expressions can contain symbols, characters, an operator and its operands, or literal strings.

Syntax:

Expression ::= Symbol | Character | LiteralString | Operator;

7. Characters

Single characters are represented using one of the following constructs.

Syntax:

Character ::= UnicodeCharacter | CharacterSet;

7.1. Unicode Characters

The characters U+005C (backslash) and U+0075 ("u") followed by one to six hexadecimal digits SHALL match the character whose number (code point) in [Unicode] is the value of the number represented by the four hexadecimal digits.

Syntax:

UnicodeCharacter ::= BACKSLASH "u" {1,6}HEXDIGIT;

Example:

u004F

7.2. Character Sets

A character set is a series of characters enclosed within square brackets. A character matches a character set if the character matches one of the characters specified in the character set.

Syntax:

CharacterSetCharacter ::= UnicodeCharacter | [\u0021-u005A] | u005C | [\u005F-u007E];
CharacterSet ::= LEFTSQUAREBRACKET CAROT? (CharacterSetCharacter | CharacterSetRange)+ RIGHTSQUAREBRACKET;

7.3. Character Ranges

A character range is two characters separated by the character U+002D (hyphen). A character range SHALL be functionally equivalent to specifying all the characters whose character number (code point) in [Unicode] is between the first character's number (code point) in [Unicode] and the second character's number (code point) in [Unicode] inclusive.

Syntax:

CharacterSetRange ::= CharacterSetCharacter HYPHEN CharacterSetCharacter;

Examples:

[a-z]

matches the characters "a" through "z".

[\u0030-u0039]

matches the characters "0" through "9".

7.4. Negated Character Sets

If the first character of the character set content is the character U+005E (circumflex accent) then the characters that match the characters in the character set content SHALL represent all those characters that are NOT specified by the characters in the character set content.

Examples:

[^abc]

matches all characters except for "a", "b", and "c".

[^f-i]

matches all characters except for "f", "g", "h", and "i".

[^am-o]

matches all characters except for "a", "m", "n", and "o".

8. Literal Strings

A symbol represents an expression that may be used in subsequent expressions in its stead.

Syntax:

EscapeCode ::= EscapedBackslash | EscapedCharacter | EscapedDoubleQuote | EscapedCarriageReturn | EscapedLineFeed | EscapedTab;
LiteralString ::= DOUBLEQUOTE (WSP | (SYMBOL - BACKSLASH) | ALPHANUMERIC | EscapeCode)* DOUBLEQUOTE;

8.1. Escape Codes

The following escape codes MAY be used within a literal string:

8.1.1. Backslash

Two U+005C (back slash) characters SHALL match the character U+005C (back slash).

Syntax:

EscapedBackslash ::= {2,2}BACKSLASH;

Example:

"\"

matches "".

8.1.2. Unicode Character

A U+005C (back slash) character followed by a U+0075 ("u") character followed by a one to six digit hexadecimal integer SHALL match the character whose number (code point) in [Unicode] is equal to the four digit hexadecimal integer.

Syntax:

EscapedCharacter ::= BACKSLASH "u" {1,6}HEXDIGIT;

Example:

"u0021"

matches "!".

8.1.3. Double Quote

A U+005C (back slash) character followed by a U+0022 (double quote) character SHALL match the character U+0022 (double quote).

Syntax:

EscapedDoubleQuote ::= BACKSLASH DOUBLEQUOTE;

Example:

"

matches """.

8.1.4. Carriage Return

A U+005C (back slash) character followed by a U+0072 ("r") character SHALL match the character U+000D (carriage return).

Syntax:

EscapedCarriageReturn ::= BACKSLASH "r";

Example:

r

matches a carriage return character.

8.1.5. Line Feed

A U+005C (back slash) character followed by a U+006E ("n") character SHALL match the character U+000A (line feed).

Syntax:

EscapedCarriageReturn ::= BACKSLASH "n";

Example:

n

matches a line feed character.

8.1.6. Tab

A U+005C (back slash) character followed by a U+0074 ("t") character SHALL match the character U+0009 (tab).

Syntax:

EscapedCarriageReturn ::= BACKSLASH "t";

Example:

t

matches a tab character.

9. Operators

These symbols may be combined to match more complex patterns.

Syntax:

Operator ::= Grouping | Concatenation | Alternation | Exclusion | Negation | Repetition;

9.1. Grouping

A group is an expression that is treated as a unit.

Syntax:

Grouping ::= LEFTPARENTHESIS LWSP* Expression LWSP* RIGHTPARENTHESIS;

Example:

("abc" | "def") "ghi"

matches "abcghi" or "defghi".

9.2. Concatenation

Two expressions may be concatenated together.

Syntax:

Concatenation ::= Expression LWSP+ Expression;

Example:

"abc" "def"

matches "abcdef".

9.3. Alternation

Alternation provides a choice between two expressions.

Syntax:

Alternation ::= Expression LWSP* VERTICALLINE LWSP* Expression;

Example:

"abc" | "def"

matches "abc" or "def".

9.4. Exclusion

The exclusion operator allows you to match the first expression, but not the second.

Syntax:

Exclusion ::= Expression LWSP* HYPHEN LWSP* Expression;

Example:

[abc] - "b"

matches "a" or "c".

9.5. Negation

The negation operator allows you to match everything that does not match the expression.

Syntax:

Negation ::= TILDE Expression;

Example:

~"abc"

matches anything that does not match "abc".

9.6. Repetition

The repetition operators allow you to indicate that an expression matches a specified number of times.

Syntax:

Repetition ::= (NOrMore | NToM) Expression | Expression (OneOrMore | ZeroOrMore | Optional);

9.6.1. n or More Occurrences

This repetition allows you to specify that n or more occurrences of an expression must match.

Syntax:

NOrMore ::= LEFTCURLYBRACKET DIGIT+ RIGHTCURLYBRACKET;

Example:

{2}"a"

matches "aa", "aaa", "aaaa", "aaaaa", etc..

9.6.2. n to m Occurrences

This repetition allows you to specify that n or more occurrences of an expression must match.

Syntax:

NToM ::= LEFTCURLYBRACKET DIGIT+ COMMA DIGIT+ RIGHTCURLYBRACKET;

Example:

{2,4}"a"

matches "aa", "aaa", or "aaaa".

9.6.3. One or More Occurrences

This repetition allows you to specify that one or more occurrences of an expression match.

Syntax:

OneOrMore ::= PLUS;

Example:

"abc"+

matches "abc", "abcabc", "abcabcabcabc", etc..

9.6.4. Zero or More Occurrences

This repetition allows you to specify that zero or more occurrences of an expression match.

Syntax:

ZeroOrMore ::= ASTERISK;

Example:

"abc"*

matches "", "abc", "abcabc", "abcabcabcabc", etc..

9.6.5. Optional

This repetition allows you to specify that zero or one occurrences of an expression match.

Syntax:

Optional ::= QUESTIONMARK;

Example:

"abc"?

matches "" or "abc".

9.7. Case Insensitivity

The case insensitivity operator allows you to match an expression without regard to case.

Syntax:

CaseInsensitive ::= EXCLAMATIONPOINT Expression;

Example:

!"abc"

matches "abc", "Abc", "aBc", "abC", "ABc", "AbC", "aBC", or "ABC".

10. Comments

Comments allow annotations to be specified in the grammar.

Syntax:

CommentStart ::= FORWARDSLASH ASTERISK;
CommentEnd ::= ASTERISK FORWARDSLASH;
Comment ::= CommentStart (ALPHANUMERIC | SYMBOL | LWSP)* - CommentEnd CommentEnd;

Example:

/* The is a comment. */

11. Order of Operations

Comments allow annotations to be specified in the grammar.

Appendix A. F1TBNF Definition of F1TBNF

/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Control Characters */
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

NUL ::= u0000;
NULL ::= NUL;

SOH ::= u0001;
STARTOFHEADER ::= SOH;

STX ::= u0002;
STARTOFTEXT ::= STX;

ETX ::= u0003;
ENDOFTEXT ::= ETX;

EOT ::= u0004;
ENDOFTRANSMISSION ::= EOT;

ENQ ::= u0005;
ENQQUIRY ::= ENQ;

ACK ::= u0006;
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ::= ACK;

BEL ::= u0007;
BELL ::= BEL;

BS ::= u0008;
BACKSPACE ::= BS;

HT ::= u0009;
HORIZONTALTAB ::= HT;
TAB ::= HT;

LF ::= u000A;
LINEFEED ::= LF;

VT ::= u000B;
VERTICALTAB ::= VT;

FF ::= u000C;
FORMFEED ::= FF;

CR ::= u000D;
CARRIAGERETURN ::= CR;
ENTER ::= CR;

SO ::= u000E;
SHIFTOUT ::= SO;

SI ::= u000F;
SHIFTIN ::= SI;

DLE ::= u0010;
DATALINKESCAPE ::= DLE;

DC1 ::= u0011;
DEVICECONTROL1 ::= DC1;
XON ::= DC1;

DC2 ::= u0012;
DEVICECONTROL2 ::= DC2;

DC3 ::= u0013;
DEVICECONTROL3 ::= DC3;
XOFF ::= DC3;

DC4 ::= u0014;
DEVICECONTROL4 ::= DC4;

NAK ::= u0015;
NEGATIVEACKKNOWLEDGEMENT ::= NAK;

SYN ::= u0016;
SYNCHRONOUSIDLE ::= SYN;

ETB ::= u0017;
ENDOFTRANSMISSIONBLOCK ::= ETB;

CAN ::= u0018;
CANCEL ::= CAN;

EM ::= u0019;
ENDOFMEDIUM ::= EM;

SUB ::= u001A;
SUBSTITUTE ::= SUB;

ESC ::= u001B;
ESCAPE ::= ESC;

FS ::= u001C;
FILESEPERATOR ::= FS;

GS ::= u001D;
GROUPSEPERATOR ::= GS;

RS ::= u001E;
RECORDSEPERATOR ::= RS;

US ::= u001F;
UNITSEPERATOR ::= US;

/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Symbols */
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

SPACE ::= u0020;

EXCLAMATION ::= u0021;
EXCLAMATIONPOINT ::= EXCLAMATION;
EXCLAMATIONMARK ::= EXCLAMATION;
BANG ::= EXCLAMATION;

DOUBLEQUOTE ::= u0022;
DOUBLEQUOTES ::= DOUBLEQUOTE;
QUOTES ::= DOUBLEQUOTE;
QUOTATIONMARK ::= DOUBLEQUOTE;

NUMBERSIGN ::= u0023;

DOLLARSIGN ::= u0024;
DOLLAR ::= DOLLARSIGN;

PERCENT ::= u0025;

AMPERSAND ::= u0026;

SINGLEQUOTE ::= u0027;
APOSTROPHE ::= SINGLEQUOTE;

LEFTPARENTHESIS ::= u0028;
LEFTPAREN ::= LEFTPARENTHESIS;
OPENPARENTHESIS ::= LEFTPARENTHESIS;
OPENPAREN ::= LEFTPARENTHESIS;

RIGHTPARENTHESIS ::= u0029;
RIGHTPAREN ::= RIGHTPARENTHESIS;
OPENPARENTHESIS ::= RIGHTPARENTHESIS;
OPENPAREN ::= RIGHTPARENTHESIS;

ASTERISK ::= u002A;
STAR ::= ASTERISK;

PLUS ::= u002B;

COMMA ::= u002C;

HYPHEN ::= u002D;
DASH ::= HYPHEN;

PERIOD ::= u002E;

FORWARDSLASH ::= u002F;

COLON ::= u003A;

SEMICOLON ::= u003B;

LEFTANGLEBRACKET ::= u003C;
LESSTHAN ::= LEFTANGLEBRACKET;

EQUAL ::= u003D;

RIGHTANGLEBRACKET ::= u003E;
GREATERTHAN ::= RIGHTANGLEBRACKET;

QUESTION ::= u003F;
QUESTIONMARK ::= QUESTION;

ATSIGN ::= u0040;

LEFTSQUAREBRACKET ::= u005B;
LEFTSQUAREBRACE ::= LEFTSQUAREBRACKET;

BACKSLASH ::= u003C;

RIGHTSQUAREBRACKET ::= u005D;
RIGHTSQUAREBRACE ::= RIGHTSQUAREBRACKET;

CAROT ::= u005E;
CIRCUMFLECACCENT ::= CAROT;

UNDERSCORE ::= u005F;

ACCENT ::= u0060;
GRAVEACCENT ::= ACCENT;

LEFTCURLYBRACKET ::= u007B;
LEFTCURLYBRACE ::= LEFTCURLYBRACKET;

VERTICALLINE ::= u007C;
PIPE ::= VERTICALLIGHT;

RIGHTCURLYBRACKET ::= u007D;
RIGHTCURLYBRACE ::= RIGHTCURLYBRACKET;

TILDE ::= u007E;

DEL ::= u007F;

/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Character Ranges */
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

DIGIT ::= [0-9];
HEXDIGIT ::= DIGIT | [a-fA-F];
LOWERALPHA ::= [a-z];
UPPERALPHA ::= [A-Z];
ALPHA ::= LOWERALPHA | UPPERALPHA;
ALPHANUMERIC ::= ALPHA | DIGIT;
WSP ::= TAB | SPACE;
LWSP ::= WSP | CR | LF;
CONTROL ::= [\u0000-u001F];
SYMBOL ::= [\u0021-u002F] | [\u003A-u0040] | [\u005B-u0060] | [\u007B-u007E];
ASCII ::= CONTROL | SYMBOL | ALPHANUMERIC | [\u007F-u00FF];
TEXT ::= LWSP | [\u0021-u007E];
ANY ::= [\u0000-uFFFF];

/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* XML */
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

NAMESTARTCHAR ::= ALPHA | COLON | UNDERSCORE | [\u00C0-u00D6] | [\u00D8-u00F6] | [\u00F8-u02FF] | [\u0370-u037D] | [\u037F-u1FFF] |
[\u200C-u200D] | [\u2070-u218F] | [\u2C00-u2FEF] | [\u2001-uD7FF] | [\uF900-uFDCF] | [\uFDF0-uFFFD] |
[\u10000-uEFFFF];
NAMECHAR ::= NAMESTARTCHAR | HYPHEN | PERIOD | DIGIT | u00B7 | [\u0300-u036F] | [\u203F-u2040];
NAME ::= NAMESTARTCHAR NAMECHAR*;
NAMES ::= NAME (SPACE NAME)*;
NMTOKEN ::= NAMECHAR+;
NMTOKENS ::= NMTOKEN (SPACE NMTOKEN)*;

XMLENTITY ::= AMPERSAND (NAME | NUMBERSIGN (DIGIT+ | "x" HEXDIGIT+)) SEMICOLON;
XMLCHAR ::= ANY - (LEFTANGLEBRACKET | RIGHTANGLEBRACKET | AMPERSAND) | XMLENTITY;
XMLATTRIBUTECHAR ::= ANY - (LEFTANGLEBRACKET | AMPERSAND | DOUBLEQUOTE) | XMLENTITY;

/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Misc. */
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

CRLF ::= CR LF;

/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* F1TBNF */
/*------------------------------------------------------------------------*/

Grouping ::= LEFTPARENTHESIS LWSP* Expression LWSP* RIGHTPARENTHESIS;

Concatenation ::= Expression LWSP+ Expression;

Alternation ::= Expression LWSP* VERTICALLINE LWSP* Expression;

Exclusion ::= Expression LWSP* HYPHEN LWSP* Expression;

Negation ::= TILDE Expression;

NOrMore ::= LEFTCURLYBRACKET DIGIT+ RIGHTCURLYBRACKET;
NToM ::= LEFTCURLYBRACKET DIGIT+ COMMA DIGIT+ RIGHTCURLYBRACKET;
OneOrMore ::= PLUS;
ZeroOrMore ::= ASTERISK;
Optional ::= QUESTIONMARK;
Repetition ::= (NOrMore | NToM) Expression | Expression (OneOrMore | ZeroOrMore | Optional);

Operator ::= Grouping | Concatenation | Alternation | Exclusion | Negation | Repetition;

EscapedBackslash ::= {2,2}BACKSLASH;
EscapedCharacter ::= BACKSLASH "u" {1,6}HEXDIGIT;
EscapedDoubleQuote ::= BACKSLASH DOUBLEQUOTE;
EscapedCarriageReturn ::= BACKSLASH "r";
EscapedLineFeed ::= BACKSLASH "n";
EscapedTab ::= BACKSLASH "t";
EscapeCode ::= EscapedBackslash | EscapedCharacter | EscapedDoubleQuote | EscapedCarriageReturn | EscapedLineFeed | EscapedTab;

LiteralString ::= DOUBLEQUOTE (WSP | (SYMBOL - BACKSLASH) | ALPHANUMERIC | EscapeCode)* DOUBLEQUOTE;

UnicodeCharacter ::= BACKSLASH "u" {1,6}HEXDIGIT;
CharacterSetCharacter ::= UnicodeCharacter | [\u0021-u005A] | u005C | [\u005F-u007E];
CharacterSetRange ::= CharacterSetCharacter HYPHEN CharacterSetCharacter;
CharacterSet ::= LEFTSQUAREBRACKET CAROT? (CharacterSetCharacter | CharacterSetRange)+ RIGHTSQUAREBRACKET;
Character ::= UnicodeCharacter | CharacterSet;

Expression ::= Symbol | Character | LiteralString | Operator;

Symbol ::= ALPHA (ALPHANUMERIC | UNDERSCORE)*;
CommentStart ::= FORWARDSLASH ASTERISK;
CommentEnd ::= ASTERISK FORWARDSLASH;
Comment ::= CommentStart (ALPHANUMERIC | SYMBOL | LWSP)* - CommentEnd CommentEnd;

Assignment ::= COLON COLON EQUAL;
AssignmentStatement ::= Symbol LWSP* Assignment LWSP* Expression;

StatementTerminator ::= SEMICOLON;
Statement ::= AssignmentStatement LWSP* StatementTerminator | Comment | LWSP;
Statements ::= Statement+;

Appendix B. References

Extended Backus–Naur Form

International Organization for Standardization (ISO). ISO/IEC 14977:1996(E): Information technology - Syntactic metalanguage - Extended BNF. ISO/IEC, 1996 (See http://standards.iso.org/ittf/PubliclyAvailableStandards/s026153_ISO_IEC_14977_1996(E).zip).

ITEF RFC 2119

Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). RFC 2119: Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels. Scott Bradner, 1997 (See http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt).

Unicode

The Unicode Consortium. The Unicode Standard, Version 6.0.0, (Mountain View, CA: The Unicode Consortium, 2011. ISBN 978-1-936213-01-6) http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode6.0.0/

XML 1.1

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.1 (Second Edition). Tim Bray, Jean Paoli, C. M. Sperberg-McQueen, Eve Maler, François Yergeau, John Cowan (editors) (See http://www.w3.org/TR/xml11/).

Appendix C. Legal

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